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The Arabic Hijri calendar, or Islamic calendar, is crucial for Muslims worldwide as it marks the months and days for religious observances. Unlike the Gregorian calendar, which is solar-based, the Hijri calendar is lunar, consisting of 12 months that alternate between 29 and 30 days. This results in a year that is about 10 to 12 days shorter than the Gregorian calendar, leading to the Hijri months shifting each year relative to the Gregorian months.

The Hijri calendar begins with the month of Muharram, followed by Safar, Rabi' al-Awwal, Rabi' al-Thani, Jumada al-Awwal, Jumada al-Thani, Rajab, Sha'ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhul-Qi'dah, and Dhul-Hijjah. Notable events such as Ramadan, the month of fasting, and Eid al-Fitr, the festival celebrating the end of Ramadan, are determined by this calendar.

Understanding the Arabic Hijri calendar is essential for practicing Muslims, as it guides them in fulfilling religious obligations and celebrating significant events. Here are some key points to remember:

• The Hijri calendar is based on the lunar cycle.
• It is approximately 10 to 12 days shorter than the Gregorian calendar.
• Important Islamic events are scheduled according to the Hijri months.

By familiarizing yourself with the Arabic Hijri calendar, you can better appreciate its significance in Islamic culture and religion.